MAKALAH ADVERB OF FREQUENCY BAHASA INGGRIS

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

In English grammar, an adverb of frequency is an adverb that tells how often something occurs or did occur. Common adverbs of frequency include always, frequently, hardly ever, never, occasionally, often, rarely, regularly, scarcely, seldom, sometimes, and usually.

1.2 Problem Formulation

1. What is the meaning of Adverb of Frequency ?

2. What is the rule of Adverb of Frequency ?

3. How is the example of sentence from Adverb of Frequency ?

1.3 Purpose

1. To reader can understand the meaning of Adverb of Frequency.

2. To reader can understand the rules of Adverb of Frequency.

3. To know examples of sentence from Adverb of Frequency.

CHAPTER 2

DISCUSSION

What are adverbs of frequency?

Adverbs that change or qualify the meaning of a sentence by telling us how often or how frequently something happens are defined as adverbs of frequency.

An adverb of frequency is exactly what it sounds like – an adverb of time. Adverbs of frequency always describe how often something occurs, either in definite or indefinite terms. An adverb that describes definite frequency is one such as weekly, daily, or yearly. An adverb describing indefinite frequency doesn’t specify an exact time frame; examples are sometimes, often, and rarely.

Adverbs of Frequency Rules

These simple rules for adverbs of frequency will help you to use them correctly:

· Always use adverbs of frequency to discuss how often something happens.

· Adverbs of frequency are often used to indicate routine or repeated activities, so they are often used with the present simple tense.

· If a sentence has only one verb, place the adverb of frequency in the middle of the sentence so that it is positioned after the subject but before the verb. For example: Tom never flies. He always takes the bus.

· When a sentence contains more than one verb, place the adverb of frequency before the main verb. For example: They have often visited Europe.

· When using an adverb of frequency in the negative or in forming a question, place it before the main verb. For example: Do you usually get up so late?

Examples of Adverbs of Frequency

Each sentence contains an example of an adverb of frequency; the examples are italicized for easy identification.

1. The incubator turns each egg hourly.

2. We take a vacation at least once annually.

3. I usually shop for groceries on Saturday mornings.

4. He is often late for work.

5. We seldom see John.

6. My dentist told me I should floss twice daily.

English Grammar Rules

We use some adverbs to describe how frequently we do an activity.

These are called adverbs of frequency and include:

Frequency	Adverb of Frequency	Example Sentence
100%	Always	I always go to bed before 11 p.m.
90%	Usually	I usually have cereal for breakfast.
80%	Normally/generally	I normally go to the gym.
70%	Often/frequently	I normally go to the gym.
50%	Sometimes	I sometimes forget my wife's birthday.
30%	Occasionally	I occasionally eat junk food.
10%	Seldom	I seldom read the newspaper.
5%	Hardly ever/rarely	I hardly ever drink alcohol.
0%	Never	I never swim in the sea.

The Position of the Adverb in a Sentence

An adverb of frequency goes before a main verb (except with To Be).

Subject + adverb + main verb

I always remember to do my homework.

He normally gets good marks in exams.

An adverb of frequency goes after the verb To Be.

Subject + to be + adverb

They are never pleased to see me.

She isn't usually bad tempered.

When we use an auxiliary verb (have, will, must, might, could, would, can, etc.), the adverb is placed between the auxiliary and the main verb. This is also true for to be.

Subject + auxiliary + adverb + main verb

She can sometimes beat me in a race.

I would hardly ever be unkind to someone.

They might never see each other again.

They could occasionally be heard laughing.

We can also use the following adverbs at the start of a sentence:

Usually, normally, often, frequently, sometimes, occasionally

Occasionally, I like to eat Thai food.

BUT we cannot use the following at the beginning of a sentence:

Always, seldom, rarely, hardly, ever, never.

We use hardly ever and never with positive, not negative verbs:

She hardly ever comes to my parties.
They never say 'thank you'.

We use ever in questions and negative statements:

Have you ever been to New Zealand?
I haven't ever been to Switzerland. (The same as 'I have never been Switzerland').

Adverbs of Definite Frequency

We can also use the following expressions when we want to be more specific about the frequency:

every day
once a month
twice a year
four times a day
every other week
daily
monthly

CHAPTER 3

CONCLUSION

3.1 Conclusion

Adverb of Frequency is Adverbs that change or qualify the meaning of a sentence by telling us how often or how frequently something happens are defined as adverbs of frequency.

Frequency	Adverb of Frequency
100%	Always
90%	Usually
80%	Normally/generally
70%	Often/frequently
50%	Sometimes
30%	Occasionally
10%	Seldom
5%	Hardly ever/rarely
0%	Never